As of December 1, 2024, the Moon is in its Waxing Gibbous phase, meaning approximately 83% of its surface is illuminated. This is a particularly notable time for observers, as the lunar cycle progresses towards another Supermoon —a full moon that appears larger and brighter due to its proximity to Earth.
What You Can See Tonight
Without any special equipment, keen observers can already discern prominent features like the Mare Crisium (Sea of Crises) and Mare Fecunditatis (Sea of Fertility). Using binoculars opens up views of craters such as Endymion, Alphonsus, and Posidonius. For those with telescopes, the Schiller Crater, the historic Apollo 12 landing site, and the winding Rima Ariadaeus rift valley are all within reach.
The next full moon will be on December 4, which will be the last of three consecutive supermoons. The last full moon was on November 5.
Understanding Lunar Phases
The Moon’s phases are a direct result of its orbit around Earth and the changing angles at which sunlight illuminates its surface. The lunar cycle lasts roughly 29.5 days. Here’s a breakdown of the key phases:
- New Moon : The Moon is positioned between Earth and the Sun, making its visible side entirely dark.
- Waxing Crescent : A sliver of light emerges on the right side (in the Northern Hemisphere).
- First Quarter : Half of the Moon is illuminated on the right side.
- Waxing Gibbous : More than half of the Moon is lit, but it hasn’t reached full illumination yet.
- Full Moon : The entire face of the Moon is brightly lit.
- Waning Gibbous : Light gradually diminishes on the right side (Northern Hemisphere).
- Third Quarter (Last Quarter) : Half of the Moon is lit, but on the left side now.
- Waning Crescent : A thin sliver of light remains on the left side before disappearing again.
These phases aren’t just a matter of appearance. They influence tidal patterns, historical calendars, and even some animal behaviors. The Moon’s consistent cycle has been a fundamental part of human observation for millennia.
The upcoming Supermoon will serve as a reminder of these celestial mechanics, providing a bright and spectacular display for anyone looking up.
